SJ and OM
No current engine manufacturer relies upon the cylinder leak down test any more. Most of them will do a crankcase pressure test to do cylinder condition with the engine running. Just about the only time I do a pressure test anymore is to pressurize the coolant system to check the lower liner o rings see if they are bad or if it is a bad head gasket. Electronic trouble shooting sure is nice but some of the most common failures are still with good old mechincal items.

Thanks for the input, kinda bulsters my thinking
I agree on the coolant system pressure check.....kinda of a toss up between having combustion pressures and temperatures to check head gasket leaks or a cold check when everything is in the contracted mode.

If I was asked to sort this snag , I would pop the sump off or remove the C/case windows, then pressurize the the cooling system upto about 7psi and try to see which cylinder liner has failed/holed , it is best to turn the crank 180 deg's to get the pistons at the top on both throws to give the best chance of finding the fault, if the head was cracked the engine would be blowing muck and crap out of the exhaust, even if the head joint had failed I would not expect the oil level to build up with the engine running, there is always a chance of an oil cooler/heat exchanger letting things down, S J,s gizmo for checking the head is first class, but as he says the customer often requires every thing checked to the last dot, locate the water ingress (maggoty liner ?) then rip it to bits.

tctractors
ps. gear driven water pumps love to leak into the oil pan.

Yes TC we always give an engine the coolant system test too & usually I used about 15 lbs. but you had to seal the cap so it didn,t leak from it for the test or the relief valve if so equipped. Once in awhile you got an aftercooler that leaked so would show up with the pressure test into the coolant.With lots of experience you could figure just about what was wrong either with the cooling system test or the prechamber test.Yes as was mentioned todays engine are a whole different ball game with the new fuel systems to do a pressure test on top the pistons. It would take so much more in adapters to do the testing than these old prechambered jobs so probably that,s why was mentioned it isn,t done much anymore on late engines.Years ago when the air fuel ratio valves were popular on engines I made up a small test stand to test them on and off the engine & worked out well & proved all the time if a customer had low HP due to a bad unit usually from a blowed out diaphragm.

SJ, my air/fuel control test is simple, I remove the pipe that leads to the inlet manifold from the contol end,then using a small bit of rubber/plastic hose inserted into union, I blow down the hose, if the control is good it makes my eyes bulge out with the effort, if its failed its easy to blow down the pipe with the air venting through the injection pump, I always test the air pipe that leads from the control to the inlet manifold as this is often damaged or worn through.
tctractors
ps, I try to do this test with nobody about or anyone watching me as this is something simple to do, having a dramatic effect on the power output of the engine,so its easy £-$ to earn " it beats doing a final drive "

An oil sample will tell you a great deal about what is going on inside the engine.