Why would they be different?
Caterpillar frequently improved/changed parts in some way, resulting in a different part number being assigned, but almost always, and especially in a component like an engine, the new one fits in place of the old one.
If you are looking at piston/sleeve units, the pistons are one of the most frequently updated components I can think of. When the D311 was introduced, Caterpillar was using pistons that had the top threaded on to the base and then pinned in place. These were noted for failing, sometimes resulting in a shower of hot bits out the exhaust! There have been several revisions to the piston design or method of manufacture in the 60-odd years since.
D2-5J's, D6-9U's, D318 and D333 power units, 12E-99E grader, 922B & 944A wheel loaders, D330C generator set, DW20 water tanker and a bunch of Jersey cows to take care of in my spare time😄