Had to use a long screwdriver to chip and ream the hardened crud out of the filter housing drain on the D318 I am working on this summer. It had been sitting up for 10 years or more and the stuff was like concrete! I made a mess with compressed air but I got it broken loose sticking the air gun in the bottom with a heavy rag held over the top. Best to plug the clean fuel passage in the top of the housing before you start blowing that crud everywhere!
The main thing for the drain is to remove accumulated water. Of course you can get rid of sediment too, but the water is going to be a problem long before there is enough sediment to matter.
The next step after the filter housing is primed,you need to bleed the pump. Many times I just us a 3/4 end wrench and back off the injector line at the pump. Have never had one run without a least bleeding the lines. Other times I could not get the engine run without opening the priming vents on the back side of the injector pump. The fittings need a "special"size tool that is available from Cat. Or you can make one from a socket,which has had much discussion on here. So you may be able to find the old information with a search here.